最近新聞每天都在講 tariffs、trade war,但你知道怎麼用英文和外國朋友或同事聊這件事嗎?
今天帶你拆解這場貿易戰的關鍵英文,從「加關稅」到「供應鏈移轉」,讓你下次聊國際新聞時不再只能說 “I see…”。
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情境對話 Dialogue
Kevin 是公司的業務,Lisa 是他的美國客戶。兩人在視訊會議結束後閒聊起最近的貿易局勢。
English Dialogue
重點單字與片語 重點句型
Lisa: Hey Kevin, before you go — have you been keeping up with all this tariff news?
Kevin: Honestly, it’s hard to ignore. Our factory in Taoyuan has been scrambling to figure out what this means for our export prices.
Lisa: I totally get it. A lot of our suppliers are in the same boat. It’s going to hit everyone’s bottom line, I’m afraid.
Kevin: Do you think the two sides will reach a deal anytime soon?
Lisa: Honestly? I doubt it. Both sides seem pretty dug in. There’s no sign of either side backing down.
Kevin: That’s what I was afraid of. We’ve been looking into diversifying our supply chain — maybe shifting some production to Vietnam or Mexico.
Lisa: Smart move. A lot of companies are doing exactly that. You don’t want to have all your eggs in one basket during a trade war.
Kevin: Right. And honestly, the uncertainty is almost worse than the tariffs themselves. It’s hard to plan ahead.
Lisa: Totally. No one really knows how this is going to play out. We’re just trying to stay flexible.
Kevin: Same here. Anyway, let’s keep each other posted if anything changes on your end.
Lisa: For sure. We’re all in this together.
中文翻譯
Lisa:嘿 Kevin,在你離開之前問你一下,你有在追蹤這些關稅新聞嗎?
Kevin:老實說,很難無視。我們桃園的工廠最近在拚命弄清楚這對出口價格的影響。
Lisa:我完全理解。我們很多供應商也是一樣的處境。恐怕這對大家的獲利都會有衝擊。
Kevin:你覺得雙方近期會達成協議嗎?
Lisa:老實說?我不看好。雙方看起來都很強硬,沒有任何一方退讓的跡象。
Kevin:我就怕是這樣。我們一直在研究分散供應鏈——可能把部分生產線移到越南或墨西哥。
Lisa:很聰明的做法。很多公司都在這麼做。貿易戰期間,不能把雞蛋放在同一個籃子裡。
Kevin:對。而且老實說,不確定性幾乎比關稅本身還可怕。很難做長期規劃。
Lisa:完全同意。沒有人真的知道這最後會怎麼發展。我們只是盡量保持彈性。
Kevin:我們也是。總之,如果你那邊有任何動態,隨時讓我知道。
Lisa:當然。大家都在同一條船上。
重點單字 Vocabulary Boost
- tariff / ˈtærɪf / n. → 關稅
(政府對進口商品課徵的稅,是貿易戰的核心詞彙)
The new tariffs on electronics will raise prices for consumers.(新的電子產品關稅將推高消費者的售價。) - trade war / treɪd wɔːr / n. → 貿易戰
(兩國互相加徵關稅、以報復手段對抗的局面)
The trade war has disrupted supply chains around the world.(這場貿易戰擾亂了全球供應鏈。) - keep up with / kiːp ʌp wɪð / phr. → 追蹤、跟上(資訊或動態)
(口語中很常用,表示持續關注某件事)
It’s hard to keep up with all the changes in the news.(很難跟上新聞裡所有的變化。) - scramble / ˈskræmbl / v. → 手忙腳亂地應對、緊急想辦法
(表示在壓力下倉促行動,帶有混亂感)
Companies are scrambling to adjust to the new regulations.(各公司正在手忙腳亂地調整以應對新規定。) - bottom line / ˈbɑːtəm laɪn / n. → 獲利、淨利(商業情境中最終的財務結果)
(也可泛指「最重要的結論」,在商業英文中超高頻)
Rising costs are hurting our bottom line.(成本上漲正在侵蝕我們的獲利。) - dug in / dʌɡ ɪn / adj. → 立場堅定、不肯退讓
(源自軍事壕溝戰,現在用來形容談判或爭論中的強硬態度)
Both sides are dug in and unwilling to compromise.(雙方都立場強硬,不願妥協。) - diversify / daɪˈvɜːrsɪfaɪ / v. → 多元化、分散(投資或供應鏈)
(商業必備詞,不只用在投資,供應鏈、市場都可以用)
We need to diversify our supplier base to reduce risk.(我們需要分散供應商來降低風險。) - uncertainty / ʌnˈsɜːrtənti / n. → 不確定性
(描述市場或局勢無法預測的狀態,是財經新聞超高頻詞)
Market uncertainty is making investors nervous.(市場的不確定性讓投資人感到不安。)
重點句型 Sentence Patterns
- It’s going to hit [someone’s] bottom line. → 這會衝擊到(某人的)獲利
This is going to hit our bottom line hard.(這會對我們的獲利造成很大衝擊。)| 替換詞:our profits(我們的利潤)/ small businesses(小企業)/ the entire industry(整個產業)
💡 “Bottom line” 在台灣直譯常說「底線」,但在英文商業情境裡它指的是財務報表最底部那行——也就是淨利。說 “hit the bottom line” 就是「傷到獲利」,和中文的「底線」意思不一樣,別混了。
- There’s no sign of [someone] backing down. → 沒有任何(某方)退讓的跡象
There’s no sign of the government backing down on tariffs.(政府在關稅問題上沒有任何退讓的跡象。)| 替換詞:either side(任何一方)/ the company(這間公司)/ the union(工會)
💡 “Back down” 表示在壓力下退縮、放棄立場,語氣比 “give up” 更帶有「被迫讓步」的感覺。搭配 “There’s no sign of…” 可以強調「目前完全沒有退讓的跡象」,新聞報導常見。
- You don’t want to have all your eggs in one basket. → 不能把雞蛋放在同一個籃子裡(不要押注單一選項)
Especially in times like this, you don’t want to have all your eggs in one basket.(尤其在這種時候,不能只靠單一來源。)| 應用場景:供應商分散、投資組合、市場布局
💡 這是英文裡非常經典的諺語,台灣人聽到的第一反應往往是「咦,這和中文一樣!」對,兩個文化剛好有一樣的比喻。但英文版更常在商業場合出現,當你說這句話,外國人會覺得你很自然道地。
- No one really knows how this is going to play out. → 沒有人真的知道這最後會怎麼發展
No one really knows how the negotiations are going to play out.(沒有人真的知道談判最後會怎麼發展。)| 替換詞:the situation(這個局勢)/ the election(這次選舉)/ the market(市場)
💡 “Play out” 是很口語的說法,意思是「(事件)最終如何發展、結束」。比起正式的 “unfold” 或 “conclude”,這個說法更像是朋友在聊天時會用的,讓你聽起來更自然。
- We’re just trying to stay flexible. → 我們只是盡量保持彈性
With so much changing, we’re just trying to stay flexible and adapt.(變化這麼多,我們只能盡量保持彈性、隨時調整。)| 替換詞:stay agile(保持靈活)/ stay ahead of the curve(走在趨勢前面)/ keep our options open(保留選項)
💡 “Stay flexible” 是商業英文的常用句,在不確定的局勢中表達「我們不死守一個方向」。台灣人開會時常說「保持彈性」,這就是最直接的英文說法,簡單好用。
逐字稿 Transcript
J: Did you catch that? Kevin just said the uncertainty is almost worse than the tariffs themselves — and honestly, I think a lot of people in Taiwan feel exactly the same way right now.
J: 你有聽到嗎?Kevin 剛才說不確定性幾乎比關稅本身還可怕——老實說,我覺得台灣現在很多人都有同樣的感受。
M: Hi everyone, welcome back to MJ English! Today’s conversation is super timely.
M: 大家好歡迎回到 MJ English!今天的對話內容真的非常應景。
M: Kevin and Lisa are having one of those after-meeting chats where the real talk happens.
M: Kevin 和 Lisa 正進行那種開完會後,私下掏心肺腑說真話的閒聊。
J: Let’s start with the very first line. Lisa asks Kevin, “Have you been keeping up with all this tariff news?”
J: 我們從第一句開始。Lisa 問 Kevin:「你有在追蹤這些關稅新聞嗎?」
J: “Keep up with” is a phrase you really need to know.
J: “Keep up with” 是你一定要會的片語。
M: Right. “Keep up with” means staying updated on something’s latest developments. It’s not just for news; you can also say “keep up with your workload” or “keep up with the latest trends.”
M: 沒錯。”Keep up with” 的意思就是持續掌握某件事的最新動態。這不只可以用在新聞上,你也可以說「跟上工作進度」或者是「緊跟最新的流行趨勢」。
J: Then Kevin says his factory has been “scrambling” to figure things out.
J: 接著 Kevin 說他的工廠一直在「手忙腳亂地」想辦法。
J: “Scramble” is such a visual word — it’s that feeling of everyone rushing to react in a bit of a chaotic way under pressure.
J: “Scramble” 這個字非常有畫面感——就是那種大家在壓力下匆忙混亂地做出反應的感覺。
M: And then Lisa says, “It’s going to hit everyone’s bottom line.” This is a key sentence for today. In some contexts, people use “bottom line” to mean a limit, but in business English, it refers to profit — the final line on a financial statement.
M: 然後 Lisa 說:「這會衝擊到每個人的獲利(bottom line)。」這是今天非常關鍵的一個句子。在某些情境下,人們會用 “bottom line” 來表達「底線」或「限度」,但在商業英文中,它指的是「利潤」——也就是財務報表(損益表)上的最後一行。
J: Then Lisa says, “There’s no sign of either side backing down.” — “Back down” means to give in under pressure. Paired with “there’s no sign of,” it means there’s absolutely no indication anyone is giving in.
J: 接著 Lisa 說:「完全沒有看到任何一方有退讓的跡象。」——”Back down” 指的是在壓力下讓步。搭配 “there’s no sign of”,意思就是完全看不出有誰打算屈服。
M: Kevin then says he’s looking into “diversifying” their supply chain — spreading risk across multiple sources. This word shows up constantly in business English, whether you’re talking about suppliers or investments.
M: Kevin 接著說他正在研究如何「多元化」供應鏈——也就是將風險分散到多個來源。無論是在談論供應商還是投資,這個詞在商業英文中都非常頻繁地出現。
J: Lisa responds with the classic idiom — “You don’t want to have all your eggs in one basket.” Interestingly, Chinese has the same expression, but you’ll hear this one a lot more in English business settings.
J: Lisa 用了一句經典成語來回應——「你不會想把雞蛋全部放在同一個籃子裡。」有趣的是,中文也有同樣的說法,但在英文的商務情境中,你會更常聽到這句話。
M: Finally, Lisa says, “No one really knows how this is going to play out.” — “Play out” means how a situation will eventually develop or conclude. It’s much more conversational than just saying “end.”
M: 最後,Lisa 說:「沒人真正知道這件事會如何發展。」——”Play out” 的意思是情況最終如何演變或收場。這比單純說 “end” 聽起來更口語自然。
J: Okay — ready for round two? Let’s test your ears. This time, listen for two things: how Kevin uses “uncertainty,” and how Lisa closes with “stay flexible.” Those two phrases tell you a lot about how native speakers talk about unstable situations.
J: 好啦,準備好進入第二輪了嗎?讓我們來考考你的聽力。這次請留意兩件事:Kevin 如何使用 “uncertainty”(不確定性),以及 Lisa 最後如何用 “stay flexible”(保持彈性)來結尾。這兩個片語能讓你學到母語人士是如何談論不穩定的局勢。
M: After the second listen — did things click a bit more? Did you catch how Kevin used “almost” to soften his point? That’s a very natural English habit — expressing a strong feeling without sounding too dramatic.
M: 聽完第二次後,有沒有覺得更明白了呢?你有注意到 Kevin 如何使用 “almost” 來軟化他的語氣嗎?這是一個非常道地的英文習慣——在表達強烈感受的同時,聽起來又不會顯得太過誇張。
J: Today’s words — tariff, bottom line, backing down, play out — are the kind of vocabulary you’ll actually encounter reading financial news or chatting with international colleagues. The full vocabulary and sentence pattern list is in the link below — save it for later.
J: 今天的重點單字——tariff(關稅)、bottom line(獲利)、backing down(退讓)和 play out(演變)——都是你在閱讀財經新聞或與外國同事聊天時,真的會遇到的詞彙。完整的單字表和句型整理就在下方的連結裡,記得存起來備用喔。
M: Next time someone asks you, “What do you think about the trade war?” — now you’ll know exactly what to say.
M: 下次如果有人問你:「你對貿易戰有什麼看法?」你現在就知道該怎麼回答了。
J: See you next time on MJ English!
J: 我們下集 MJ English 見!

